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Examine the mechanism for how a brain builds itself, tested against AI, injury, and a locked-in patient's tennis swing

Here’s a question that sounds simple: How does a brain know anything without being told what to know?

Most explanations lean on one of two pictures: Either the brain is like a computer wired point-to-point, running instructions, or it’s simply too mysterious to explain, a black box you cannot see fully to understand. Neither is correct, or especially useful. There’s a third picture and once you see it, you won’t be able to unsee it in yourself.

This course is built around the man that explains it: Nobel Laureate Gerald Edelman, originator of the Theory of Neuronal Selection, or Neural Darwinism.

Trace Darwinian principles that explain how complex nervous systems grow, learn, and adapt in an ever-changing environment, from 4 different angles.

Strip away the jargon and this course makes one claim from four different angles: nothing in a living system — not an immune response, not a developing brain — works by being told what to do from outside. It works by producing more than it needs and then ruthlessly, selectively keeping only what functions. That’s true of all brains, including the one behind your own eyes, reading this sentence.

Neuroscientist David Edelman walks through his father’s actual framework, alongside psychobiologist Bernard Baars, who worked closely with Gerald Edelman for years at the Neurosciences Institute. This video course opens with Gerald’s own words and the image he always preferred: the brain is like a rainforest — an enormous, interdependent ecology of communicating populations, evolving through selection rather than instruction.

From there, the real mechanism gets built piece by piece: how neurons that can’t reproduce still get “selected” through differential amplification; how your very first memory of something as simple as a cookie, it’s smell, taste, sound, sight, arriving all at once, became bound together into an enduring memory through a process called re-entry; how the cortex, once enough neurons are working together, rolls in waves, like surf breaking on a beach.

Then you’ll watch Neural Darwinism get tested against the real world, and learn to test it yourself. Clinical stakes including injury and a locked-in patient’s imagined tennis swing; which carries into one of the hardest open questions to date about AI: could anything non-biological ever do what a developing brain does — not just learn, but grow into a self through genuine experience over time?

This course offers real clarity about why that question is so hard by demonstrating the working mechanism behind how a brain builds itself, and Dr. Jay Giedd’s almost stubborn insight — that overproduction and selective elimination alone might explain more of nature than it’s usually given credit for.

Gerald Edelman proposed a Darwinian, and therefore biological, explanation of neural function, perception, cognition, and global brain function capable of supporting primary and higher-order consciousness.

Enroll, press play, and put mind back into nature.

Darwin, Neurons & Nervous Systems

In these video seminars, Gerald Edelman’s son, David Edelman, psychobiologist Bernard Baars, clinical neuropsychiatrist Dr. Jay Giedd, magician Mark Mitton, and roboticist Jeff Krichmar explore the relationship between biology and experience: How Neural Darwinism could account for the development and functioning of the human brain — including consciousness — the most complex and mysterious of all brain processes.

LEARNING OUTCOMES: After completing this course, you will gain the skills to

Who is this course for?

This course is for you if you are interested in, or teach, or study any of the following subjects: Psychology, Neuroscience and Education, Cognitive Science, Neurobiology, Health Education, or Philosophy. And anyone working in AI who wants to understand the biological basis of consciousness before assuming machine minds.

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Psychology, Cognitive Neuroscience, AI

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Transcripts & Downloadable PDFs

In tribute to Nobel Laureate Gerald Edelman's enduring interest in the relationship between biology and experience. Neuronal Group Selection, or Neural Darwinism, represents the culmination of his scientific efforts to reconcile the two.

Nobel Laureate, Gerald M. Edelman

Naturalizing Consciousness


"Our journeys into the nature of consciousness are a tribute to my Dad, Nobel Laureate Gerald Edelman, to his verdant imagination, immense creativity, and prodigious output."

~ David Edelman

Expertise & Foundation for this Course

Bernard Baars

Psychobiologist, FAU

David Edelman

Neuroscientist, Dartmouth

Jeff Krichmar

Roboticist, UC Irvine

Dr. Jay Giedd

Neuropsychiatrist, UCSD

Mark Mitton

Master of Misdirection

*The hypnotic blue video above visualizes neural crest cell migration. Wan et al (2019) developed and applied a light-sheet imaging assay and computational framework capable of systematically reconstructing, at the single-cell level, the emergence of coordinated population activity throughout an entire circuit from neurogenesis to the onset of behavior, and showed how the earliest functioning circuit, the motor circuit in the spinal cord, emerges during zebrafish embryogenesis.

 Yinan Wan, Ziqiang Wei, Loren L. Looger, Minoru Koyama, Shaul Druckmann, and Philipp J. Keller. “Single-cell reconstruction of emerging population activity in an entire developing circuit.” Cell. Published online September 26, 2019. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2019.08.039

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